The role of the nurse in the prevention and early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ranks third among the leading causes of death worldwide, yet less than 15% of cases are diagnosed in Russia. Nurses play a crucial role in COPD prevention, early symptom detection, and patient education on proper inhalation therapy technique. The article examines the epidemiological situation of COPD in Russia, major risk factors for disease development including tobacco smoking and occupational hazards, and the role of nurses in combating smoking among patients and pregnant women. Particular attention is given to the importance of spirometry for early diagnosis, multidisciplinary approach to managing patients with comorbid conditions, and the significance of adherence to combined inhalation therapy for preventing exacerbations. Modern approaches to pharmacological and non-pharmacological COPD therapy are discussed, including dual and triple combination inhalers demonstrating reduced exacerbation rates and mortality. The authors emphasize the necessity of advanced training for nursing staff in the field of diagnosis, prevention, and management of COPD patients.