Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Nilai Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2020-2024
Abstract
Abstract. this study was to determine the effect of profitability and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firm value in pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The research is motivated by the importance of firm value as a reflection of investors’ perceptions of a company’s performance and future prospects, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, which plays a strategic role in the national economy and public health sector. This study is grounded in signaling theory, stakeholder theory, and legitimacy theory to explain the relationships among the research variables. A quantitative research method with descriptive and verificative approaches is employed. The data used are secondary data obtained from companies’ financial statements and sustainability reports published on the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique applied is purposive sampling, resulting in a sample of nine companies observed over a five-year period. Profitability is proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), CSR is measured using the Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Index (CSRDI) based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, and firm value is proxied by Price to Book Value (PBV). The results indicate that profitability and CSR have a positive and significant effect on firm value, both partially and simultaneously. Therefore, improved financial performance and optimal implementation of CSR can enhance investor confidence and increase firm value. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas dan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sub sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2020–2024. Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada pentingnya nilai perusahaan sebagai cerminan persepsi investor terhadap kinerja dan prospek perusahaan, khususnya pada industri farmasi yang memiliki peran strategis dalam perekonomian dan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan landasan teori sinyal, teori stakeholder, dan teori legitimasi sebagai dasar dalam menjelaskan hubungan antarvariabel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan verifikatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan laporan keberlanjutan perusahaan, yang diperoleh melalui situs resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan total sampel sebanyak 9 perusahaan selama lima tahun pengamatan. Profitabilitas diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA), CSR diukur menggunakan Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Index (CSRDI) berdasarkan standar Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), dan nilai perusahaan diproksikan dengan Price to Book Value (PBV). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas dan CSR berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Dengan demikian, peningkatan kinerja keuangan dan implementasi CSR yang optimal mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan investor dan nilai perusahaan.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
Corporate Governance and Financial Management
Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Bandung Conference Series Business and Management
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 563–572
- Publication date
- 5 February 2026
- Language
- EN