Keabsahan Perjanjian yang Memuat Non-Competition Clause antara Perusahaan dan Pekerja

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Authors: Yurifa Putri Salsabila, Sri Ratna Suminar
Cited by: 0
References: 2

Abstract

Abstract. The right to work and the freedom to choose employment are constitutional rights guaranteed under Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In employment relationships, workers’ rights and obligations are further regulated by Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, including the right to change jobs and pursue a decent livelihood. However, in employment practice, companies frequently include non-competition clauses in employment agreements that restrict workers from working for competing businesses after the termination of employment. The inclusion of such clauses raises legal issues concerning their validity and the adequacy of legal protection for workers. This study employs a normative juridical research method supported by a comparative legal approach with a descriptive-analytical specification. The research is based on primary and secondary legal materials, which are analyzed qualitatively. The study examines the regulation of non-competition clauses under the Indonesian Civil Code in conjunction with the Manpower Law, and compares them with the Italian Codice Civile and California’s Business and Professions Code Section 16600. The findings indicate that non-competition clauses are invalid and null and void because they conflict with the principle of freedom of work. The study concludes that ideal legal protection requires external regulation. Therefore, Indonesia should adopt specific regulations that clearly define the limits and mechanisms for enforcing non-competition clauses in a fair and balanced manner. Abstrak. Hak untuk bekerja dan kebebasan memilih pekerjaan merupakan hak konstitusional warga negara sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Dalam hubungan kerja, hak dan kewajiban pekerja diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, termasuk hak untuk berpindah pekerjaan. Pada praktiknya di dunia ketenagakerjaan, perusahaan kerap mencantumkan non-competition clause dalam perjanjian kerja yang melarang pekerja bekerja pada perusahaan sejenis setelah berakhirnya hubungan kerja. Klausula ini menimbulkan permasalahan mengenai keabsahan perjanjian serta perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan hukum, bersifat deskriptif analitis. Data diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini membandingkan pengaturan non-competition clause dalam KUHPerdata jo. UU Ketenagakerjaan dengan Italian Codice Civile dan Business and Professions Code Section 16600 di California. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa non-competition clause dinilai tidak sah dan batal demi hukum karena bertentangan dengan kebebasan pekerja untuk memilih pekerjaan. Perlindungan hukum yang ideal adalah perlindungan eksternal m. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan regulasi tersendiri di Indonesia guna mengatur batasan dan mekanisme penerapan non-competition clause secara adil dan berimbang bagi pekerja dan perusahaan.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Indonesian Legal and Regulatory Studies Labor Law and Work Dynamics Legal and Labor Studies

Publication details

Journal / source
Bandung Conference Series Law Studies
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
741–748
Publication date
3 February 2026
Language
EN