Effects of semaglutide on anthropometric measures, diet, and eating behaviors in obese women: a retrospective observational study

Background Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist primarily used to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is also recommended as part of the therapeutic strategy for individuals with metabolic syndrome or obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of semaglutide administration on body weight reduction, eating behaviors, energy intake, and appetite control in women with diagnosed obesity and insulin resistance. Material and methods The study included 104 women diagnosed with obesity and insulin resistance who tolerated semaglutide therapy without adverse effects. Results Participants using semaglutide demonstrated a mean decrease in daily energy intake of 103 kcal (p=0.034; d=-0.21) compared with baseline. A significant reduction in body weight (mean -2.85 kg) was observed, along with decreases in body fat content, Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Conclusions Semaglutide use was associated with appetite suppression, reduced snacking frequency, and a subsequent decrease in body weight and body fat percentage, indicating its beneficial role in weight management among women with obesity and insulin resistance.