Green Nanotechnology - Integrated Nature - Based Solutions for Climate - Resilient Environmental Remediation

The acceleration of industrial development and intensified agricultural activity has increased global concern over persistent environmental pollutants, making the development of sustainable remediation methodologies essential.At the same time, nanotechnology offers significant potential in catalysis, sensing and bioremediation.Its adoption remains limited due to concerns over toxicity, high production cost and long-term ecological impacts.Addressing these limitations, integrating green-synthesised nanoparticles with nature-based solutions (Nbs) to develop climate-resilient and ecologically sustainable methodologies.This study proposes a hybrid remediation approach in which biologically synthesised nanoparticles extracted from plant materials, microbial sources and algal systems are integrated into Nbs frameworks such as constructed wetlands, microbial biofilters and phytoremediation systems.This proposed Nbs-Nanotechnologies not only enhances the degradation of pollutants but also improves water treatment outcomes and ecological systems resilience, particularly in sectors such as sustainable agriculture and brackish water aquaculture.Furthermore, the methodology accentuates the utilisation of low-cost biomass resources, community engagement and safe by design strategies to minimise ecological risks.Available studies indicate that the combined application of green nanotechnologies and nature-based solutions can improve pollutant removal efficiency while supporting climate adaptation and sustainability objectives.This review highlights an emerging remediation pathway that is environmentally compatible, scalable, and suitable for community -level implementation in climate-adaptive ecosystems.