Analysis On Typical Scenarios of Virtual Power Plants

Virtual power plant (VPP) is trading entities in the new generation of power markets that can rapidly aggregate various energy sources, create value by leveraging a large number of flexible resources, and bring volatility to the grid.To address some of the issues in the development of VPPs, this paper starts from the basic theory of virtual power plants, first summarizes the evolution of its definition, and ultimately refers to it as a power operation organization model that aggregates various decentralized resources, and collaborates in the optimization of the power system and power market transactions.Secondly, the existence architecture of VPPs is divided into a three-layer structure of energy, information, and value, explaining the entire process of how to transform energy into information and bring value.Subsequently, the basic and advanced characteristics and functions of VPPs are introduced.In the application scenarios section, the aggregation and types of distributed energy sources are first mentioned, followed by some typical domestic VPP cases and their related data.Finally, multiple operational and transaction models of VPP markets are introduced.In the third part, the problems of resource aggregation and coordinated control encountered by VPPs are summarized.Resource aggregation requires a large amount of data and continuous calculation, while coordinated control has three architectures: centralized control with the advantage of central decision-making, distributed control with a wide control domain, and the currently underdeveloped centralized-distributed control.Each has its own advantages, so this paper also analyzes the preferred solutions in different situations.