COMPARATIVE NALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF VERBS AND VERBAL ADJECTIVES IN JAPANESE AND AZERBAIJAN

This article presents a scientific analysis of the Japanese verb system and the structure in which a verb precedes and modifies a noun, functionally corresponding to the participle in the Azerbaijani language.The analysis covers the morphological groups of verbs, tense and negative forms, the attributive function of the plain verb form, the te iru construction, the attributive use of the past tense, the formation of relative clauses before the noun, and the absence of person and number categories in Japanese verbs.Japanese is an agglutinative language with a subject-object-verb structure, where the verb carries core grammatical meaning such as tense, negation, and continuity.Verbs are classified into three groups: godan, ichidan, and irregular (suru, kuru).The dictionary form ends with -u and can directly modify nouns, functioning like participles in Azerbaijani.The polite form uses -masu, while past tense is marked with -ta/-da, and negation with -nai.Complex modifiers can include time, place, and manner before the noun.Importantly, verbs do not inflect for person or number, so forms remain unchanged across subjects.