Lifecycle performance governance for smart buildings and critical infrastructure in sustainable Urban Systems

Sustainable urban infrastructure requires continuous performance governance across planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation stages. Smart buildings, transportation facilities, drainage networks, foundations, retaining systems, and public infrastructure assets are often evaluated separately, limiting the ability of decision makers to assess long-term resilience and service reliability. This study proposes a Lifecycle Performance Governance framework for smart buildings and critical infrastructure within sustainable urban systems. The framework integrates infrastructure performance indicators, environmental exposure variables, geotechnical reliability factors, and construction delivery metrics into a structured governance process. A Lifecycle Performance Score (LPS) is developed using weighted indicators representing structural serviceability, environmental vulnerability, maintenance priority, drainage sensitivity, foundation reliability, construction complexity, and operational resilience. The framework also incorporates Digital Twin-inspired condition updating using assumed, simulated, or publicly available performance information. The analytical evaluation demonstrates that the proposed framework provides consistent lifecycle performance assessment and supports maintenance prioritization, rehabilitation planning, investment allocation, and governance decision-making across multiple infrastructure categories. The proposed framework addresses the identified research gap through an integrated lifecycle governance approach and supports sustainable management of smart buildings and critical infrastructure without relying on proprietary operational datasets.