The influence the oral microbiome on the risk of cardiovascular diseases

Justification. The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is influenced by many modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors, the number of which is constantly growing. One of these factors can be a violation of the composition of the oral microbiome. Its structure is quite variable. The predominance of certain microorganisms can not only cause local pathology, such as the development of caries or periodontitis, but also lead to systemic changes. The most pathogenic bacteria living in the oral cavity are Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and bacteria of the genus Eikenella, the colonization of which is a risk factor for infectious endocarditis (IE), as well as coronary heart disease (CHD). Prevention of CVD should be aimed not only at the already known risk factors for cardiovascular pathology (obesity, emotional stress, metabolic syndrome, smoking, etc.), but also at the oral microbiome. Goal. To prove the existence of a relationship between the pathology of the oral cavity and the development of CVD. Material and methods. The analysis of publications was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, RSCI, Science Direct, CyberLeninka, Web of Science. The literature review includes 94 sources over the past 10 years. Conclusion. The composition of the oral microbiome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Bacteria synthesize substances that mediate immune and inflammatory reactions, and can also migrate into the bloodstream, contributing to the development of atherosclerosis, CHD and IE, contributing to the development and progression of hypertension and chronic heart failure. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of oral dysbiosis as a risk factor for the development and progression of somatic pathology.