Robust 10 Gbps FSO Communication and up to 70dB/km High-Fidelity PSK Modulation under Diverse Atmospheric Turbulence

This work introduces a free-space optical (FSO) communication system engineered to operate effectively under diverse atmospheric conditions, specifically addressing attenuation levels of 20, 30, 40, and 70 dB/km at a stable data rate of 10 Gbps. The proposed architecture utilizes advanced Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation, combined with a 60 dBm continuous-wave laser, a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), and optical amplifiers with 20 dB gain, to ensure signals can be transmitted through challenging atmospheric channels. The model performs quite well, even in diverse conditions, and remains effective when the signal is 70 dB/Km weaker. It has a Q-factor of approximately 10.069 and a Bit Error Rate (BER) of 1.12577 × 10–51 across a distance of 1622 meters. This remarkable achievement demonstrates the model’s superiority over traditional systems, which typically fail under comparable extreme conditions. The system employs a 2-bit-per-symbol PSK architecture with a 45-degree phase offset. This makes the spectrum more efficient while maintaining high signal quality. The detailed performance examination included a thorough review of key metrics, including the Q-factor, minimum BER, received signal power, and eye-diagram analysis. The eye diagram showed that the technology could maintain high signal quality even when the air was turbulent in various ways. This research significantly advances FSO technology by demonstrating reliable, high-speed communication despite severe atmospheric attenuation. This paves the way for future advancements in optical wireless communication systems designed for next-generation networks that require dependable performance in challenging environmental conditions.