Semantics of lexemes representing combat sports in the structure of the German concept KAMPF (based on the Duden, DWDS, and PONS explanatory dictionaries)

The study aims to describe the structure and semantic content of the concept KAMPF in the modern German language by modeling the conceptual field and systematizing its attributes. The article investigates the concept KAMPF as a significant element of the SPORT conceptual sphere based on German linguistic material. The study explores the field structure of the concept, identified through a definitional analysis of its key lexemes. Vocabulary related to combat sports is represented in both the core and the periphery. Semantic attributes of the concept are identified through definitional and component (seme) analysis. Scientific novelty lies in establishing and justifying the central, system-forming role of the sporting component within the concept’s structure, modeling the field structure of the KAMPF concept, describing the specifics of its sporting semantics, and determining its semantic transformation. As a result of the study, it was established that the content of the KAMPF concept is structured around nine key semantic attributes, which form three groups: the sphere and nature of the struggle; participants and structure; and dynamics and outcome. Sporting competition serves as a pivotal attribute, forming a model of non-destructive confrontation. This model is characterized by legitimate physical struggle, the existence of rules, the institutionalized nature of goals (titles, victory), and an emphasis on effort. Basic concepts of combat sports are located in the core of the concept, while specialized terms reside in the near periphery.