A review of Rescue Methods After Intelligent Rescue Equipment Approaches a Drowning Person

Drowning is still the main cause of accidental death worldwide, and intelligent rescue technology is needed for rapid and effective intervention. This study investigated the rescue methods used by intelligent devices - autonomous rescue devices, auxiliary self-rescue devices, and wearable intelligent rescue devices - when reaching a person who has fallen into the water. Using IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science and other digital databases, this paper systematically reviews the research on hardware design, sensor integration, control algorithm and human-computer interaction from 2009 to 2025. The results show that multi-sensor fusion, adaptive stability and safe human computer interaction are crucial for reliable performance in complex aquatic environments. Future advancements are proposed, include enhancing robust perception, adaptive stabilization, and human-computer interaction security to critically address system-level challenges of cross-domain coordination, standardized interoperability, and reliable algorithmic decision-making in complex aquatic environments. These insights provide a basis for advancing intelligent drowning rescue systems, linking technological innovation with practical safety applications.