Design of an Off-Grid Biogas/PV Hybrid Energy System to Meet the Electricity Needs of Rural Areas

In this study, the feasibility of an off-grid hybrid energy system in Değirmendüzü village, located in the Patnos district of Ağrı province, is investigated. In order to meet the electrical energy demand of the village, a hybrid system consisting of solar energy, biogas, and battery storage is designed. The modeling and analysis of the proposed system are carried out using the HOMER software. The effects of different battery Technologies (lithium-ion and lead-acid) on system performance and cost are examined. In addition, the impact of the photovoltaic (PV) panel derating factor on system performance is analyzed. The results indicate that both battery technologies are capable of meeting the electrical energy demand of the village. Lithium-ion battery-based systems offer higher efficiency and longer lifetime; however, their initial investment cost is higher compared to lead-acid battery systems. Economic analysis results show that, despite the higher initial investment cost, lithium-ion battery systems are more economical in the long term due to lower operation and maintenance costs. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the design and implementation of off-grid renewable energy systems.