International Powers' Strategies for Managing Risks and Their Impact on Global Security: China as a Case Study

As a result of global changes and shifts in the geopolitical, economic, and international security landscapes, especially the strengthening of global security across various levels, these risks have become more pronounced. They include security threats, the non-traditional arms race, environmental hazards, and diseases, notably the COVID-19 pandemic and its variants. These risks also cover earthquakes, climate change, competition over space exploration and militarisation, as well as geopolitical, geomilitary, geoeconomic, and cyber risks. Global powers have begun to incorporate these risks into their geopolitical strategies and interactions at all levels and dimensions. This requires national and international authorities to develop a rational set of strategies and options to respond to or manage these risks and their impact on global security. The study aims to introduce risk management and its measurement indicators, as well as risk management strategies and how China applies them. It also seeks to examine and analyse the impact of risk management on global security. To address this issue and test its hypothesis, the study relies on descriptive-analytical approaches, functional approaches, case study methods, and quantitative approaches.