Methodological principles for assessing the adaptation of functional systems of 10–12-year-old athletes in greco-roman and freestyle wrestling within the system of sports training

Purpose of the article: the article examines the methodological principles for assessing the adaptation of functional systems in 10–12-year-old athletes engaged in Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling within the system of sports training. The relevance of the study is обусловлена the need for comprehensive monitoring of the adaptive capabilities of young wrestlers at the stage of preliminary basic training, taking into account age-related morphofunctional changes. The purpose of the study was to theoretically substantiate and conduct a comparative analysis of the specific features of adaptation of the functional systems of 10–12-year-old athletes in Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling. Methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics. Results. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of physical fitness and functional state indicators (p>0.05), confirming the homogeneity of the sample. At the same time, a tendency toward more economical functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems was observed in representatives of Greco-Roman wrestling: lower heart rate after exercise (by 1.0%), faster heart rate recovery (by 2.1%), and lower resting respiratory rate (by 1.7%). The obtained data indicate a sufficient level of adaptation to training loads and effective functional regulation in the studied athletes. Conclusions. The proposed methodological approaches to assessing the adaptation of functional systems make it possible to objectively monitor the functional state of young wrestlers, optimize the educational and training process, and ensure an increase in the functional reliability of the organism at the stage of preliminary basic training.