Visfatin and 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 Levels Affect Coronary Collateral Circulation Development in Patients with Chronic Coronary Total Occlusion

Background: CCC plays a vital role in the myocardial blood supply, especially for ischaemic myocardium. Evidence suggests that the visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 levels are related to the degree and incidence of vascular stenosis associated with coronary artery disease. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 on CCC development in CTO patients. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the serum visfatin level and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25-(OH)D3] and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO). Methods: A total of 189 patients with CTO confirmed by coronary angiography were included. CCC was graded from 0 to 3 according to the Rentrop-Cohen classification. Patients with grade 0 or 1 collateral development were included in the poor CCC group (n=82), whereas patients with grade 2 or 3 collateral development were included in the good CCC group (n=107). The serum visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 levels were measured by ELISA. Results: The visfatin level was significantly higher in the poor CCC group than in the good CCC group, and the 25-(OH)D3 level was significantly lower in the poor CCC group than in the good CCC group (P≤0.001). Correlation analysis showed that the Rentrop grade was negatively correlated with the visfatin level (r=-0.692, P≤0.001) but positively correlated with the 25-(OH)D3 level (r=0.635, P≤0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 levels were independent risk factors for CCC (OR=1.597, 95% CI: 1.3-1.961, P≤0.001 and OR=0.566, 95% CI: 0.444-0.722, P≤0.001, respectively). The visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 levels can effectively predict the CCC status. Conclusion: The serum visfatin and 25-(OH)D3 levels are related to CCC development and are independent predictors of poor CCC.