Neuroimaging in Low- to Middle-Income Countries: A Health Equity Perspective

BACKGROUND: Inequities in neuroimaging access represent a major barrier to timely diagnosis and treatment of neurologic disease, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This article examines factors contributing to neuroimaging access challenges in low- and middle-income countries and discusses practical, sustainable strategies to improve equity in global neuroimaging capacity. METHODS: This State of Practice was developed by the members of the American Society of Neuroradiology's Diversity and Inclusion Committee, who reviewed published literature, global radiology workforce data, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education training statistics. The committee members also integrated insights from outreach experiences and collaborations with professional organizations working to improve global health. KEY MESSAGE: Bridging neuroimaging disparities requires coordinated action that integrates technological innovation, workforce development, and long-term collaboration. Expanding the use of portable and low-cost imaging systems, global teleradiology, and artificial intelligence alongside education, outreach, and policy engagement can help build capacity and improve access. Sustained partnerships between high- and low-resource regions are essential to achieving a more equitable and globally connected neuroradiology community with the potential to improve health outcomes worldwide.