Antenna and Channel-Aware Fault-Tolerant Communication Architecture for Safety-Critical Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Intelligent transportation systems that rely on vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are communication concepts for safety and critical applications, which also have low-level latency and fault tolerance among the data exchanges.In this failure should be met with the various requirements for fatal accidents and Deveres traffic.[1] Nevertheless, frequent connectivity and lack of connectivity, changing topology, high mobility, and harsh wireless environments in VANETs are major causes of communication breakdown, whereas classical protocols are not suitable to support high reliability demands.In the given paper, a new communication architecture, antenna and channel-aware fault-tolerant communication architecture (ACFTCA) is introduced, which increases the reliability, adaptability, and fault resilience of communication between vehicles.The offered architecture is based on the exploitation of a two-layer approach where the routing mechanism is based on adaptive antenna diversity and the channel state.In particular, a real-time channel state information (CSI) feedback component is employed that monitors the quality of the links, foresees degradation, and preeminently switches antennas or reroutes the transferred messages to keep communication alive.It uses a 2 × 2 MIMO antenna system that is capable of beamforming, in order to attain a better-spatial diversity and additional signal robustness to the mobile-induced fading.Simultaneously, a hybrid fault detection scheme is established that incorporates anomaly detection at the signal level and redundancy-based data forwarding to recover instantly in the event of a sudden degradation of a link, or a node failure.In contrast to prior work, ACFTCA incorporates physical-layer awareness into network layer fault detection and recovery so as to achieve cross-layer tolerance to faults.The system is simulated by co-simulation based on the NS-3 simulator of network behavior and the MATLAB simulator of physical-layer modelling with realistic mobility tracing and fading of channels.Performance measures, including packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay, link recovery time, and communication reliability are examined with different densities of a vehicular network and mobility patterns.Outcome is that, ACFTCA provides up to 15% of improvement in PDR and is used to decrease fault recovery duration by 60% when compared against baseline fault-tolerant protocols.The architecture is also found to be scalable with little overhead and thus can be used in next-generation vehicular environment where it is warranted, especially where continuous and robust communication support is needed between autonomous and connected vehicles.