КОНСТРУЮВАННЯ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРИВОДУ ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ КАРДАННОЇ ПЕРЕДАЧІ ДЛЯ ГАЛТУВАЛЬНОГО ОБЛАДНАННЯ

The article addresses the issue of improving the drive of a “Turbula”-type tumbling machine with a working chamber that performs a complex spatial motion. Experimental studies were conducted on the movement of the processing media inside the chamber of the “Turbula”-type tumbling machine, in which the driven shaft rotates with a non-uniform angular velocity. It was found that such a processing mode results in non-uniform intensity of media movement between the opposite ends of the chamber in opposing directions, which prevents uniform surface treatment of parts and significantly limits the technological capabilities of the machine. Based on analytical studies, a rational dependence of the driving shaft’s angular velocity variation was formulated, wherein the peak values of the angular velocities of the driving and driven shafts are in antiphase and have equal amplitude values. This enables uniform intensity of media movement between the opposite ends of the working chamber in opposing directions. Implementation of the proposed angular velocity law ensures a stable and symmetric treatment mode throughout the entire processing cycle. Using the obtained expressions and SolidWorks-2016 CAD system, a 3D model was developed and a parametric calculation of the drive system, including a cardan transmission, was carried out. The necessity of maintaining a specific angle between the axes of the cardan mechanism shafts and spatial positioning of the drive elements—such that the axes of its key joints lie in the same plane—was substantiated. A drive design was developed that is capable of realizing the specified angular velocity law. The results can be applied in the development of new or modernization of existing tumbling machines with improved operational efficiency. These findings can be effectively used at the design stage by engineering departments of machine-building enterprises.