A Review of Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior: Data Resources, Influencing Factors, and Modeling Approaches

With the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), research on EVs has increased annually. Most studies of the charging behavior of EVs can be divided into two groups: one is charging activity understanding and charging demand response from the demand-side, and the other is optimization of EV charging facilities from the supply-side. The former group attempts to investigate more influencing factors and gain deeper insights into charging behavior, which can help design more realistic charging demand response strategies. The latter group is often trying to balance the increasing and uneven charging demand with insufficient and irrational distribution of charging facilities. Both groups are not independent, as most of the EV charging research of the supply-side is usually inspired by that of the demand-side research. Therefore, this work attempts to draw some conclusions about EV charging behavior from the perspective of data resources, influencing factors, and modeling approaches, and reveal several gaps for future work. Main conclusions are as follows: first, there are two main data resources of EV charging behavior, that is, stated preference survey, trajectory data and charging data. Second, the number of influencing factors of EV charging behavior increases greatly, while there still remain unrevealed factors, such as subjective factors of EV drivers. Third, various modeling approaches have been used in EV charging behavior analysis and charging demand response, while less consideration has been paid to the uncertainty of the overall charging system.