Influence of Continual Surface Structure with Different Stacked Materials on Ground Reflection Pressure

Shock wave is one of the key destructive parameters of ammunition explosions. Accurately measuring its pressure distribution is crucial for evaluating ammunition lethality and guiding design. The pressure distribution of shock waves is directly influenced by the continuous surface structure with different stacked materials. It leads to poor comparability and low utilization efficiency of measurement data. In this study, a finite-element model with multiphysics couplings is established using COMSOL based on a shooting range test environment. The simulation analysis focuses on the surface materials, specifically silt and sandstone, arranged in a top-down sequence. Results indicate that the burial depth of the surface material stack exerts a much greater influence on shock wave pressure than the stack thickness. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the selection and standardized design of shock wave pressure testing sites in shooting ranges.