Numerical Study for the Design and Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of the Formula Student Sports Car Rear Wing

The study was carried out under the VPP Sports Project (National Research Program: Sports), supported by the Latvian Ministry of Education and Science, with the goal to improve sports sciences and technology. This study aims to develop the aerodynamic design and performance analysis of the rear wing of the Formula Student race car. Conventionally, the (Formula) race car rear wing assembly consists of the main wing (lower) and flap wing (upper). As the DRS (Drag Reduction System) is not allowed in European Formula Student competitions, therefore, selection of airfoils and their appropriate installation angles becomes critical. For this study, based on the performance characteristics and use in the race cars, three airfoils (NACA 8516, BE 153-055, and SG6043mod) were selected for the analysis. Nine different configurations of the three airfoils against six angles of attack were implemented. In the next step, based on the CFD analysis, the most appropriate airfoil(s) configurations were chosen for the rear wing. Finally, the 3D rear wing assembly design was generated, and its aerodynamic characteristics were explored numerically. The study found that the combination of NACA8516 airfoil for the main wing, while SG6043mod airfoil is the most appropriate for the rear wing assembly. The designed rear wing demonstrated sufficient downforce and aerodynamic performance (CL/CD) for the Formula Student car. Further improvements in aerodynamic characteristics are planned by optimization of the endplate of the rear wing.