Labor Informality and Macroeconomic Volatility

We examine the role of labor informality in shaping macroeconomic volatility in a small open economy. Using a DSGE model calibrated to Colombia, we focus on worker-level rather than firm-level informality. The model features heterogeneous households and a segmented labor market with formal and informal workers, incorporating wage rigidities and productivity differences. Our results show that higher informality amplifies the volatility of consumption and investment, which is consistent with the empirical evidence. The mechanism operates through the interaction of wage rigidities in the formal sector with lower productivity of informal workers. Quantitatively, the model accounts for a significant share of the observed link between informality and volatility. These findings highlight how labor market frictions magnify business cycle fluctuations in emerging economies.