Methods for GNSS Interference Mitigation Using Wavelet Transform and Spatial Signal Processing

Introduction . An analytical review of literature sources reporting various methods for GNSS interference mitigation using wavelet transform and signal processing in spatial and space–time domains is conducted. In his previous publication, the author proposed an approach to classifying GNSS interference mitigation methods and carried out a review of methods based on signal processing in the time, frequency, and time–frequency domains. Aim . To carry out an analytical review of the basic principles and approaches for GNSS interference mitigation based on wavelet transform and spatial signal processing. Materials and methods . The analysis involved literature sources published during the period from 2000 to 2024, selected in accordance with the following criteria: application of mitigation methods specifically to GNSS interference and papers containing theoretical justification and experimental confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The author discusses methods that employ wavelet transform, super-resolution direction finding algorithms (Capon methods, MUSIC, ESPRIT), as well as methods using a Space-Time Adaptive Processor (STAP). Results . The results of the conducted comparative review of methods and algorithms for mitigating interference in the reception of GNSS signals based on wavelet transform and signal processing in spatial and space–time domains are presented. Conclusion . The conducted review and comparative analysis of the most common and effective methods of GNSS interference mitigation are useful for researchers and developers in terms of optimizing their literature search for the most recent achievements in the field. The use of multi-element adaptive antenna arrays is the most effective method for suppressing GNSS interference. Such antenna systems, particularly coupled with Space-Time Adaptive Processor, are a powerful tool for those consumers interested in high noise immunity of receiving GNSS signals and ready to bear the respective costs.