Study on the Influence Factors of High Frequency Apheresis Platelet Donation on Iron Nutritional Status and Blood Routine Parameters of Blood Donor

Objective: To explore the effect of high frequency apheresis platelet donation on iron nutritional status and blood routine parameters of blood donors, and to provide data support for optimizing the strategy of apheresis platelet donation and ensuring the health of blood donors. Methods: From January 2024 to June 2025, 240 blood donors who participated in apheresis platelet donation were selected as the research objects. Among them, 120 cases of first apheresis platelet donation were selected as the control group, and 120 cases of high frequency apheresis platelet donation were selected as the observation group. The changes of iron nutrition indexes (serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, soluble transferrin receptor, total iron binding capacity) and blood routine parameters were compared between the two groups after blood donation. Results: Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin (P < 0.05) and significantly higher soluble transferrin receptor and total iron binding capacity (P < 0.05). In the blood routine test, the hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean hemoglobin concentration and mean red blood cell hemoglobin content in the observation group were decreased (P < 0.05), the red blood cell volume distribution width was increased (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the other blood routine parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusion: High frequency apheresis platelet donation can lead to a decrease in iron storage and mild abnormalities in red blood cell system indexes. Red blood cell volume distribution width can be used as an early warning indicator of iron deficiency, while platelet related parameters have good stability. We should pay attention to the iron nutritional status of high frequency platelet donors, and strengthen the iron nutrition monitoring and intervention of high frequency platelet donors.