SOYBEAN BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION AS AN ECONOMIC VECTOR IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY

This study is devoted to the analysis of the main trends in the field of soybean breeding and seed production in the Russian Federation. The article presents an assessment of the dynamics of soybean seed sowing volumes in the period 2020-2024. As a strategic vector of development, according to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 23, 2022 N 4133-r «On approval of the list of main agricultural crops, for each of which the annual target values of the level of self-sufficiency of the Russian Federation with seeds of domestic breeding until 2030 are determined. and the list of the main types of farm animals, for each of which the annual planned values of the level of self-sufficiency of the Russian Federation with breeding products (material) of domestic production until 2030 are determined», a phased transition to the dominance of domestic seed material is determined, It is predicted that by 2030 this will reduce the share of foreign soybean varieties and reach 75.0% of the level of self-sufficiency with domestic seeds breeding, This is critically important for the sustainable development of agricultural production and ensuring food security of the state, and increasing the competitiveness of domestic producers on the world market. Achieving these interrelated goals depends on government support, the introduction of innovations and innovative technologies, and the active participation of the scientific community in business processes. The development of scientific and production potential in the field of soybean breeding and seed production has been identified as a priority area. This is due to the fact that the level of seed supply for domestic breeding is a key indicator in the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation. More than 100 scientific research institutions and seed breeding centers are currently working on the creation of competitive domestic varieties. These varieties are characterized by different maturation periods, high yields, grain quality, as well as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, adverse weather conditions and other negative environmental influences. Today, Russia is one of the world's largest producers of soybeans due to government support, technological modernization of the industry and the growing demand for vegetable protein.