Posterior Segmental Stabilization of Adult Thoracolumbar Junction Fractures: Single-Surgeon, Single-Center Experience

Thoracolumbar junction fractures (TLJF) are critical spinal injuries frequently associated with neurological deficits and internal organ trauma. This retrospective study evaluated 21 adult patients with TLJF who underwent posterior segmental instrumentation between May 2022 and September 2024. Demographic features, trauma mechanisms, neurological status, fracture classifications, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. Laminectomy was performed in 14 patients with significant canal compromise, while short-segment posterior instrumentation was preferred in cases with intact posterior elements. During follow-up, most patients showed significant pain reduction and neurological improvement. Early surgical decompression and stabilization in neurologically compromised patients were associated with better clinical outcomes. Posterior segmental instrumentation remains a reliable treatment method, though long-term studies comparing short- and long-segment stabilization are needed.