Challenges of Czech Defense Policy: Integrating Sustainability and Economic Resilience

: Defense expenditures in the Czech economy reached 1.5% of GDP in 2023 and 2.08% of GDP in 2024, amounting to approximately CZK 160 billion. Meeting the new commitment to allocate 5% of GDP to defense (3.5% for military spending and 1.5% for support expenditures) would require over CZK 450 billion annually, placing significant pressure on the state budget and the economy. In this context, it is advisable to direct part of the funds toward security projects based on the principles of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies. These projects integrate sustainability with state security, encompassing environmental protection, energy self-sufficiency, transport infrastructure, and other strategic sectors. The goal is to develop acomprehensive approach that combines military readiness with the long-term resilience of the state against risks related to climate, energy, and infrastructure, while minimizing negative impacts on the economy.