‘The mark of subversion': an analysis of Italian anti-fascism in inter-war Scotland

This article describes the history of Italian anti-fascism in Scotland between the two world wars. Drawing extensively on unique archival sources such as files of emigrants registered in the Central Political Register, consular reports, British naturalisation records and contemporary press, it highlights the peculiarity of the Italian Scottish case. Unlike other cases examined by historians, this one is characterised by a ‘silent' anti-fascism. Accordingly, the article analyses the reasons for the absence of overt opposition to the Fascist regime and its local branches in Scotland. The article thus contributes to broadening the horizon and the debate on anti-fascism in Great Britain, which has so far focused on London and prominent antifascists and exiles residing in the metropolis. Furthermore, by shedding light on the experiences of ordinary ‘subversives' in Scotland, it reveals internal community dynamics and the relationship between the centre and the periphery, reflecting the contradictions of the Fascist totalitarian system.