Influence of new growth regulators based on triazoles on winter period ontogenesis of modern wheat varieities

Triazole derivatives are valuable tools in modern agriculture, regulating diverse plant processes. In wheat, they balance growth and reproduction, bolster tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress, and unlock stable, high yields. Their dual role, as growth regulators and broad-spectrum fungicides, enables integrated, efficient programs that couple crop protection with physiological stimulation strategies. Five winter wheat varieties in grains (1.000) were treated in water solutions of three triazole-type compounds CA-64, CA-79, and CA-67. Each compound was tested at 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04%. Soaking lasted 24 hours, following widely accepted protocols for plant growth stimulants; the control seeds were soaked in water. The results demonstrated that CA-79, especially 0.02%, most reliably increased carbohydrate reserves in the tillering node at all winter monitoring points while preserving post-winter stand scores. CA-64 similarly enhanced reserves and final survival at 0.02% (often 0.01%), making it a safe default for locally adapted material. CA-67 offered no dependable stimulation: 0.01% was at best neutral and 0.02% reduced reserves and post-winter scores. At 0.04%, all agents sharply lowered germination, pre-winter stands, and winter survival (winter losses 4–12%), marking a toxicity threshold to avoid. Responses were genotype-conditioned. Local varieties (Pozytsiia Odeska, MIP Feieriia, Tenor) showed predictable gains with CA-79 and CA-64 at 0.02%, maintaining stable stands (germination-survival drop 1.0–1.5%). Western ecotypes (MV Nador, MV Menrot) started with lower sugar baselines and were more sensitive; they still benefited from CA-79 0.02% (and modestly CA-64 0.02%), but losses at 0.04% were greatest, so operational range should remain 0.01–0.02%. Practical recommendation is to prioritize CA-79 (0.02%) for reserve building and overwintering, use CA-64 (0.02%) where validated, keeping 0.01% as a conservative option,; avoid 0.04% for all agents. Tailor protocols by variety, anchoring decisions on late-winter sugar status and the germination - survival gap (target 1.0–1.5%). In summary, CA-79 or, sometimes, CA-64, but not CA-67 can be used for winter-tolerance stimulation; 0.02% is the operative concentration, 0.01% for risk-averse or sensitive material (western ecotype). Future research will integrate these observations with analyses of variability in grain quality and yield traits, enhancing effect of new triazole-based agents and improving plant production of traditional cereals crops.