UNDERSTANDING MALAYSIAN FISHERMEN’S READINESS TO PAY FOR PROTECTION AND INDEMNITY INSURANCE: A REVIEW OF MARITIME AND FISHERIES RISK MANAGEMENT

Despite the vital role of insurance in safeguarding fishermen’s livelihoods, marine insurance, particularly fishing insurance has been largely overlooked in Malaysian research, with limited empirical studies examining its demand and significance. This review article adopted a structured review-based approach to examine fisheries and maritime insurance schemes in Malaysia and to identify key determinants influencing fishermen’s readiness to pay for Protection and Indemnity insurance, based on existing literature. The findings were as follows. First, maritime insurance in Malaysia follows a structured approach aligned with vessel size, cargo type and operational scope. Second, fisheries insurance programmes provided different coverage and benefits tailored to the diverse needs of fishing communities. A combined strategy may be required to ensure better protection for all fishermen. Lastly, Malaysian fishermen’s willingness to pay for P&I insurance is influenced by 5 key variables viz. insurance awareness, government intervention, financial considerations, risk perception and individual attitudes. This research may benefit policymakers, insurance companies and researchers seeking to strengthen risk management in the fisheries sector, particularly in maritime policy, rural development and sustainable livelihood planning.