Evaluating Document 19: The Consequences of Limited Religious Tolerance

This paper argues that China's limited religious tolerance, as outlined in Document 19, poses a risk to its global ambitions for dominance. Document 19 reflects China's inward-focused policies reminiscent of the Mao era and pays little attention to international concerns. While it currently ensures religious compliance with nation-building efforts, there are potential long-term threats to political and social stability. To become a global superpower, China must manage international relations while maintaining domestic religious affairs without destabilizing its society. Without expanded freedoms, assuming this role could be challenging. Religion's influence on stability within the state necessitates a reconsideration of Document 19 and broader religious policies by the CCP if it aims to lead on the global stage.