ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS POTENTIALS AS NATURAL FERTILIZATION – A REVIEW

Alkaline volcanic rocks are a promising natural resource for sustainable agriculture, offering a multifaceted approach to soil fertility management and environmental sustainability. These rocks are rich in essential macro- and micronutrients, including potassium, calcium, magnesium, and silicon, which are released gradually through weathering processes, providing a sustained nutrient supply to crops. Their application has been shown to improve soil pH, enhance nutrient availability, and promote beneficial microbial activity, leading to improved crop yields and resilience. This review examines the potential of alkaline volcanic rocks as natural fertilizers, highlighting their mineralogical and chemical properties, mechanisms of action, and agronomic benefits. We discuss case studies and examples of successful applications, as well as challenges and limitations, including variability in rock composition, limited availability, and potential environmental concerns. Finally, we identify future research directions, including characterization of rocks from different sources, optimization of application rates and methods, and long-term effects on soil health and plant growth. By harnessing the potential of alkaline volcanic rocks, we can develop more sustainable and resilient agricultural systems that support global food security and environmental sustainability