ENHANCING MAIZE FARMERS CAPACITY FOR BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL: A TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENT IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

Pest management is essential for sustainable agricultural productivity, yet heavy reliance on chemical pesticides poses significant environmental, health, and economic challenges. This study investigates the training needs of maize farmers on biological pest control measures in Kwara State, Nigeria, focusing on assessing the level of awareness, training needs, current practices, and constraints farmers face in adopting eco-friendly pest control approaches. The study also explores the influence of socio-economic factors on these training needs. A total of 187 maize farmers were selected using a multi-stage sampling procedure, and data were collected using a well-structured interview schedule. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that although most farmers were aware of pest control practices, majority relied heavily on chemical pesticides (74.3%) due to low awareness of biological alternatives (0.6%). Formal extension services were underutilized (42.8%), with most information sourced informally from fellow farmers (90.9%). Many had never received training on identifying pests (1.35). Key training needs identified included understanding principles of biological pest control (MWDS 1.58) and identification of beneficial organisms (MWDS 1.50). Factors such as age, educational level, household size and income had significant influence on training needs of the farmers. Major constraints included high costs (1.64), and limited availability (0.90) of biological inputs. The study recommends that stakeholders organize targeted, practical training programs and increase awareness through farmer groups and media. Strengthening extension services and improving access to affordable biological control materials will enhance adoption and contribute to sustainable pest management and improved maize productivity.