A Purely Analog Electronics Circuit for Computing Derivatives and Integrals with Respect to Any Variable

This paper introduces an innovative Analog electronics circuit designed to compute derivatives and integrals of a function with respect to any variable, extending beyond the conventional limitation to time-based operations. Unlike traditional Analog computers, which rely on time-dependent differential equations, this design utilizes operational amplifiers, diodes, and other Analog components to perform precise computations without requiring digital differential analyzers. By integrating a time derivative circuit, a multiplier, an integrator, and a function inverter, the proposed circuit addresses a broader class of differential problems. This work provides theoretical analysis, detailed circuit schematics, and component specifications to substantiate the approach, marking a significant advancement in Analog computing by broadening its scope to non-temporal systems.