Hepatoprotective and Anticancer Potential of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Buchanania Lanzan Evidence from Hepg2 Cell Studies and Afb1-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats

A common medicinal plant in traditional systems, Buchanania lanzan (B. lanzan) has a variety of bioactive compounds that may have therapeutic benefits. The current work uses both in-vitro (HepG2 cell line) and in-vivo (aflatoxin b1 -induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats) models to examine the hepatoprotective and anticancer properties of the ethyl acetate fraction of B.lanzan. Strong anticancer efficacy was indicated by the ethyl acetate fraction's dosedependent, considerable inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation, as shown by in vitro cytotoxicity tests. Its capacity to cause programmed cell death was further validated by morphological alterations and apoptosis indicators. Rats exposed to aflatoxin b1 (AFb1) in the in-vivo investigation showedsigns of hepatocellular carcinoma, including tissue damage, oxidative stress, and increased liver enzymes.The ethyl acetate fraction treatment significantly improved the histological architecture of the liver, decreased lipid peroxidation, raised antioxidant enzyme levels, and restored liver function biomarkers. Overall, the results show that B.lanzanethyl acetate fraction has strong hepatoprotective and anticancer properties, indicating its potential as a natural treatment option for liver conditions such hepatocellular carcinoma.