Adnexal Masses Insight: The Role of the Diffusion-Weighted MRI

Background: Making the distinction between malignant and benign tumors is an important step in the management of adnexal masses. With the differentiation ability among benign and malignant lesions and the magnetic resonance imaging role in treatment response evaluation. At the molecular level, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging provides a cellularity quantitative functional assessment. Purpose: To assess Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging’s diagnostic potential in the preoperative evaluation of adnexal mass by contrasting it with histopathological analysis. Methods: A prospective study conducted in Radiology Unit during a period of two years from February 2023 to February 2025. It involved 74 women diagnosed with adnexal mass by ultrasound without knowing its type of nature whether its malignant or benign and then referred to the MRI unit before the operation for adnexal lesions characterization which detected on ultrasound. Results: The malignant lesions had significantly lower mean ADC value was than in benign lesions. ADC value < 0.89 ×10‒3 mm²/sec. is predictive for malignant lesion. Sensitivity of MRI was 78.6 %, specificity was 89.1 % and accuracy was 85.1 %. Positive predictive value was 81.5 % while negative predictive value was 87.2 %. Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Weighted with weight image when it comes to diagnosing and characterizing adnexal masses, imaging it is a legitimate and trustworthy method. To distinguish between different kinds of adnexal lesions, it can enhance the diagnostic usefulness of MR criteria. Based on imaging characteristics, it can help distinguish malignant from benign lesions and is particularly useful in describing the tissue composition of the tumor.