Chronic Cardiovascular Pathology as a Risk Factor for Death in Patients with Coronavirus Infection

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of age and chronic cardiovascular diseases on in-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus infection. A retrospective analysis of 16,854 medical records of patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a specialized hospital was conducted. Based on medical information system data, two groups were identified: survivors and deceased. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests and calculation of odds ratios (OR) with a 95 % confidence interval. Deceased patients were significantly older than survivors. (median 72 vs. 62 years; p < 0.001). The presence of arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation/flutter, and chronic cardiac conduction disorders was associated with a significantly increased risk of death (OR from ≈2.6 to ≈3.9). These results highlight the key role of age and cardiovascular comorbidity in shaping the risk of death in COVID-19 and substantiate the need for targeted risk stratification, enhanced monitoring, and optimized treatment for this patient population.