Assessment of the therapeutic effect of homoeopathic centesimal potencies in premenstrual syndrome: A clinical study using menstrual distress questionnaire

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome is a common cyclical disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by a combination of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur in the luteal phase and subside with menstruation. Conventional management provides symptomatic relief but often fails to address the underlying susceptibility and overall well-being of the patient. Homoeopathy, based on the principles of individualization and miasmatic evaluation, offers a holistic and non-hormonal therapeutic approach. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized homoeopathic medicines in centesimal potencies for the management of Premenstrual Syndrome using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. Materials and Methods: This prospective, non-randomized, observational clinical case series was conducted at a tertiary homoeopathic medical institution from March 2024 to January 2025. Patients aged 18-40 years diagnosed with Premenstrual syndrome on standard diagnostic criteria based on the screening of Pre-Menstrual Symptom Screening Tool (PSST) were included. After screening and enrollment, 40 patients completed a minimum follow-up period of six month. Each case was evaluated on the basis of the totality of symptoms and the underlying miasmatic state. Individualized homoeopathic medicines in centesimal potencies were prescribed and assessed over three menstrual cycles. The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire was administered before and after treatment to evaluate symptom changes. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results: A significant reduction in the mean Menstrual Distress Questionnaire score (mean reduction 8.8; p