Adlay: A multifunctional millet of the Assam hills

Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.), a lesser-known millet, is traditionally cultivated in the Karbi Hills of Assam and other parts of Northeast India. Rich in protein, fiber and bioactive compounds, the crop has high nutritional and therapeutic potential. It is resilient to climatic stresses and thrives on marginal soils, making it suitable for hill farming systems. In addition, this promising crop possesses numerous potential for aesthetic and economical uses. However, limited research, poor processing infrastructure and lack of market linkages have kept it underutilized. This review synthesizes information on its agronomical, nutritional and medicinal properties, cultural importance, current status in Karbi Hills and future prospects. It also identifies research gaps and policy opportunities to mainstream adlay into food and livelihood systems.