Study on the knowledge level and Adoption index of dairy farmers about improved dairy farming practices in West Bengal, India

India’s rural economy depends heavily on dairy farming, especially for small and marginal farmers. This study evaluates the knowledge and adoption of improved dairy farming practices among dairy farmers in Murshidabad district, West Bengal. A total of 120 farmers from Burwan and Khargram blocks were selected through a random sampling method. Data were collected via structured interviews, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0. Findings revealed that farmers' knowledge levels were significantly associated with factors such as income, herd size, material possession, and access to mass media. Additionally, adoption of improved dairy practices was strongly influenced by monthly dairy income and herd size. Socio-demographic factors—including landholding, education, gender, and age played a crucial role in shaping both knowledge levels and adoption behaviors. Notably, younger farmers, males, and those with higher education exhibited a greater inclination toward adopting modern dairy practices. The study highlights the necessity for well-structured extension programs aimed at bridging knowledge gaps and promoting the adoption of scientific dairy farming techniques. Enhancing infrastructure and strengthening extension services are vital for improving dairy productivity and economic returns in the region.