Knowledge extension study of the effects of climate change on sustainable development in Nineveh Governorate/Iraq

The study aims to shed light on the impacts of climate change in Nineveh Governorate, from an agricultural cognitive guidance perspective that links agricultural community awareness with sustainable development. Climate change poses an environmental, economic and social challenge that affects various sectors, especially agriculture, which is the main pillar of agricultural development in Nineveh Governorate. The study shows that the manifestations of climate change, including rising temperatures, lack of rainfall, increasing droughts, and deterioration of natural resources, lead to a decline in agricultural productivity and a decline in food security in addition to its impact on population migration and increasing pressures on infrastructure and services, the study included the causes of climate change, its types and effects, in addition to ways to confront the phenomenon of climate change.On the other hand, the study highlights the importance of agricultural awareness and guidance in raising farmers' knowledge of adapting to these changes by adopting modern irrigation methods, rationalizing water consumption, diversifying crops, and conserving environmental resources. It also emphasizes the role of governmental and private institutions in developing sustainable strategies that enhance society's resilience to climate change.Accordingly, the study concludes that sustainable development in Nineveh Governorate cannot be achieved without integrating the environmental and climate dimensions into development plans, and activating the role of agricultural knowledge guidance as a basic means of increasing awareness among agricultural communities of the dangers of climate change and ways to confront it.