Comparison of short-term outcomes between Open and Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy in T1 renal mass

Partial nephrectomy is the treatment of choice for T1 renal masses due to its nephron-sparing benefits. While open partial nephrectomy (OPN) has traditionally been the standard approach, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from February 2023 to August 2024 to compare short-term outcomes of OPN and LPN. A total of 26 patients with T1 renal masses were enrolled, with 13 undergoing OPN and 13 undergoing LPN. Operative duration, warm ischemia time, postoperative hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels, drain output, hospital stay, and resection margin status were evaluated. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, tumor size, and RENAL score. The OPN group demonstrated significantly shorter operative time and warm ischemia time compared to the LPN group (p=0.001), while postoperative hemoglobin and serum creatinine changes were similar between groups. However, drain output and length of hospital stay were significantly higher in the OPN group (p=0.001). All patients achieved negative surgical margins. In conclusion, both OPN and LPN are safe and effective for treating T1 renal masses, with LPN offering advantages in reduced drain output and shorter hospital stay, making it a favorable minimally invasive option in selected patients.