Hypertension along with Obesity: A danger for Adult Population

Obesity and hypertension are closely related non-communicable diseases that together represent an increasing risk to adult health, especially in low- and middle-income nations like India. The prevalence of these illnesses has increased due to rapid urbanisation, dietary changes, physical inactivity, psychosocial stress, and socioeconomic disparities. These factors have significantly increased cardiovascular morbidity and death. Through a number of interconnected processes, such as insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system dysregulation, sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, and chronic low-grade inflammation, obesity serves as a significant and modifiable risk factor for hypertension .With an emphasis on the Indian context, this review summarises the most recent research on the epidemiological patterns, common pathophysiological mechanisms, lifestyle factors, and environmental factors that underlie adult obesity-associated hypertension. The book also emphasises the relevance of national health programs, pharmacological management, lifestyle interventions, and new digital health approaches in prevention and control. This study highlights the necessity of a comprehensive, multi-sectoral approach to reduce the dual burden of obesity and hypertension and to enhance long-term cardiovascular outcomes in adult populations by combining clinical, behavioural, and policy perspectives.