Lifestyle interventions for dual management of PCOS and diabetes risk: A systematic study

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and increased lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Growing evidence indicates that lifestyle interventions represent the cornerstone of dual management targeting both reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. This systematic study synthesizes contemporary evidence on dietary modification, structured physical activity, behavioral therapy, and sleep optimization in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at risk of diabetes. Evidence from international guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and interventional studies demonstrates that low glycemic index diets, Mediterranean dietary patterns, caloric restriction, and combined aerobic-resistance exercise significantly improve insulin sensitivity, glycemic control, body composition, and cardiometabolic markers. Behavioral reinforcement and long-term adherence strategies further enhance metabolic outcomes. Early risk screening and implementation of structured lifestyle programs are essential to prevent progression from insulin resistance to impaired glucose tolerance and overt diabetes. Integrated, multidisciplinary management offers the most sustainable benefit for dual control of polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes risk.