Theoretical Approaches to Food Loss and Waste Studies: Scope, Application, Limitations and A Way Forward

The issue of food waste extends beyond the scientific community and requires comprehensive solutions. It is characterized as a ‘Wicked Problem,’ making it difficult to identify precise causes and its effects. No single theory fully explains the phenomenon of food waste generation and reduction. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Actor-Network Theory (ANT), and Social Practice Theory (SPT) have largely shaped food waste studies. These theories address the psychological, behavioural, societal, and cultural factors influencing food waste. While these frameworks provide a structured understanding of food waste dynamics and potential solutions, their linear nature limits analysis of broader issues such as institutional failures and policy influences. To overcome their limitation, cross-disciplinary research and interdisciplinary approaches are necessary.