Isolation and diagnostic of parasites from vegetables in Basra and evaluation of the efficiency of traditional of washing on the larva phase of nematode

The objective of the study was to isolate and identify intestinal worms that contaminated commonly consumed fresh vegetables in Basra, Iraq, and to measure the effectiveness of traditional practices in removing nematode larval contamination using the method of washing. 250 samples representing seven leafy vegetables: celery, mint, leek, lettuce, garden cress, basil, radish, were randomly sampled in the local markets in Basra in the period between November 2024 and April 2025. Samples were treated by the process of sedimentation and centrifugation and followed by the process of macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Their effectiveness was tested using different washing solutions (tap water, normal saline, potassium permanganate at three levels and white vinegar at three levels). The statistical analysis of data was performed through Chi-square test with p≤0.05. Protozoa contamination was quite low and was comprised of Entamoeba histolytica 2.8%, Giardia lamblia trophozoites 2.8%, Toxoplasma gondii oocysts 2.4%, and other protozoa 0.05. Fresh vegetables in Basra are heavily contaminated with intestinal helminthes, especially nematode larvae, representing a significant public health risk. Traditional washing methods, particularly vinegar and normal saline, can reduce but not eliminate contamination. Public awareness and improved hygienic practices are essential to minimize transmission of food borne parasites.