Perinatal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Background: Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH) is a major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. The severity of PIH significantly influences obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Objectives: To determine the incidence, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted at GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Sola, Ahmedabad, from June 2024 to September 2024. A total of 100 consecutive women diagnosed with PIH, according to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria, were included. Women with gestational hypertension without proteinuria, chronic hypertension, and other causes of convulsions were excluded. Demographic details, clinical features, maternal complications, and neonatal outcomes were recorded and analyzed using MS Excel. Results: Among 742 deliveries, 100 cases were diagnosed with PIH, giving an incidence of 12.8%. Preeclampsia accounted for 11.4% and eclampsia for 1.4%. Majority were primigravidas (43%) and unbooked cases (72%). Maternal complications included eclampsia (12%), abruptio placentae (6%), HELLP syndrome (5%), and postpartum hemorrhage (5%). Live birth rate was 77%, while perinatal mortality was 23%. Low birth weight was observed in 67% of neonates. Perinatal mortality was significantly associated with severity of PIH, prematurity, and mode of delivery (p