Determination of molecular tumor marker levels he4 (human epididymis protein 4) and CA125 in ovarian cancers: A cross sectional study

Background: Ovarian cancer is asymptomatic, because it is often discovered at an advanced stage, and the death rate is increased. CA125 has been a traditional biomarker for ovarian cancer, but its limitations include false positives and poor sensitivity in early-stage disease.HE4, a newer biomarker, offers enhanced sensitivity and specificity, particularly when distinguishing benign gynecological disorders from ovarian cancer. Aims & Objectives: To compare sensitivity and specificity between HE4 and CA125 tumor markers in epithelial ovarian tumors. Methodology: Women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, who had given consent for study underwent routine physical examination. Preoperative evaluations such as CA 125, and HE4 were done, and ROMA and the Risk malignancy index were calculated. “Elecsys CA 125 II and Elecsys HE4 test reagents” were used together with Cobas E 602 immunoassay analyzer to conduct the HE4 and CA 125 tests. Results: 54 females were part of the study population. HE 4 achieves a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy (69.45%) compared to CA 125 (65.56%). This study reported that the sensitivity of this combination is 90.12%, specificity is 82.64%, and positive predictive value is 96.12% independently. The overall precision of diagnosis of the HE4 and CA125 combination stands at 69.25%. Conclusion: The determination ofHE4 and CA125 levels is vitalin early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ovarian cancer. By overcoming current limitations through strategic recommendations. It is possible to maximize these biomarkers' clinical utility, leading to better patient care and outcomes.