Urine microbiota of urology department patients (pilot study)

Introduction. Urological hospitals represent a special clinical and epidemiological environment with a high risk of the formation of multidrugresistant strains of uropathogens. Research in the field of investigating the characteristics of urological microbiota is of primary importance for the development of empirical therapy protocols and the improvement of clinical outcomes. Objective. To investigate the microbiological spectrum and antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated from the urine of patients in the urology department. Materials and Methods. A pilot study was conducted at the FSBI Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor from April to September 2025. A total of 130 midstream urine samples were studied from patients of the urology department of the Research Center of Surgery named after Academician B. V. Petrovsky (79 men, 51 women, median age – 57 years). Standard bacteriological methods were used with microorganism identification by MALDI-TOF MS and antibiotic susceptibility testing by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assessment method according to EUCAST standards. Results. Microorganism growth was detected in 28.5 % of samples. The dominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (42.5 %), Enterococcus faecalis (17.5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5 %), Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, and Streptococcus agalactiae (5 % each). Escherichia coli showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin (47.1 %) and ampicillin (52.9 %) with preserved 100 % sensitivity to amikacin and fosfomycin. Klebsiella pneumoniae was characterized by pronounced multidrug resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics, sulfonamides, and fluoroquinolones with preserved sensitivity to colistin (100 %). Enterococcus faecalis maintained sensitivity to traditional drugs (ampicillin, vancomycin). Conclusion. High levels of antibiotic resistance were identified among major uropathogens, especially to fluoroquinolones and β-lactam antibiotics. The preserved activity of amikacin, fosfomycin, and colistin makes these drugs priorities for treating resistant infections in this patient population.